stripped
[strɪpt]
v.
剥皮（ strip的过去式和过去分词 ）;
脱光衣服;
（齿轮的齿等）折断;
表演脱衣舞;
例句:
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This has stripped the contest down to its essentials.
这就使比赛精简到最基本的环节。
来自柯林斯例句
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Volvo's three-man team stripped the car and restored it.
沃尔沃公司的3人小组将车拆开进行了维修。
来自柯林斯例句
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This stripped-down followup Radiate came as a pleasant surprise.
来自BBC
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The title track even resembles a stripped down reel.
来自BBC
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The tree's roots are stripped and hung to season and bleach.
树根剥皮后挂起来风干晒白。
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Could Rangers be stripped of past titles and trophies?
来自BBC